The Six Books That Introduced Me To Sociological Thinking - In Mental Health

August 14, 2023

 

Got this 1987 edition thanks to the interlibrary system

Hi beautiful people,

It is officially that time of the year when we try to recall passwords to our school email addresses and get shocked, yet again, at how expensive textbooks are (I learnt a couple of semesters ago that interlibrary borrowing – getting books from other schools - is the way to go).
Image from Pinterest
As I was going through the list of textbooks I will need for my Fall class, I remembered that I had mentioned in the PASSHE 2023 DEI Summit post that I will talk about the six books we read in the Sociology of Mental Health class I took this Spring...so this is me 'paying my dues'.

Before I get to the books, I would like to repost the loose comparison between psychology and sociology that I made in the PASSHE 2023 DEI Summit post.

'Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior while sociology looks how society is structured. 

In short, psychology focuses on the person - who are they, how they behave and how they can be helped through an issue. On the other hand, sociology focuses on society - what it is made up of, what are its issues - present and historical, and what public structures can be used to help solve those issues. You can get more details about psychology through APA (which I talked about here). ASA (read more about it here) has additional information about sociology (there are of course many other bodies across the globe and in different regions and countries)'

As a Psychology student, my training is on the individual and some of things we look at include how present and/or historical experiences in their individual lives - parents/upbringing, romantic/personal relationships, a particular teacher/bully/best friend, incidents like abuse - affect their mental wellbeing. On the other hand, Sociology of Mental Health looks at mental health from a societal level. Through the class we explored how present and/or historical occurrences in our society - culture/ traditions we have, the public institutions that serve us, the public issues we go through eg pandemic - affect our mental wellbeing, as a collective.

Our professor emphasized that thinking sociologically involves 1) distinguishing between private (individual) and public issues, 2) explaining how one's thoughts and behaviors are influenced by large social contexts, historical times and their cohort and 3) using data to support arguments. We looked at six main topics (public issues) and read a book for each topic.

1. Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism by Anne Case and Angus Deaton
My copies of book 1 and 2 - Deaths of Despair and Already Toast
This book is written by two economists who use statistics to show that majority of middle-aged white Americans, mostly men, are dying from deaths of despair - deaths from suicide, overdose, and alcohol. The book explores why this is affecting white middle-aged Americans and not 1) those in Britain or 2) Blacks, Hispanics or 3) women - yet they experience the same pains or other types of pains. 

It argues that the key factor that determines who is affected by this unique American phenomenon is not race, age or gender but whether or not one has a bachelor’s degree…the cohort currently affected is middle aged white men. This group cannot get jobs either due to globalization (cheaper foreign labor) or technological changes (cheaper with machines), and end up falling into despair. In class we discussed factors that might buffer despair - a sense of community (religious or otherwise), marriage (which might be out of reach for many) and civic engagement. The authors offer some ways these deaths can be reduced - creating more social safety nets, making healthcare affordable and making college education accessible to all.

Already Toast -  love the toast on the cover
Kate Washington uses her experience as a wife and mother of two young children whose husband was diagnosed with cancer to talk about the unpaid, emotional, and gendered labor of caregiving. She shares how she ‘suddenly’ moved from wife and life partner to caregiver; managing her husband’s healthcare – without any training - while juggling their children, the household, and doing kinwork (giving regular updates to the rest of the family).

The book looks at how lonely and isolating caregiving is, how people only think about the mental health of the person who is sick and not the caregiver’s wellbeing, how there is a cultural expectation for women to automatically give care – and not complain, ask for compensation or take time away. It also touches on how the person giving care loses touch with what is happening in the outside world and how most end up suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress. In class we discussed sandwiched caregiving or the panini generation – people who are taking care of their kids and their parents at the same time. The author gives resources for caregivers and lists organizations that are currently advocating for training and compensation for caregivers.

The school library has an e-version of the book 

Donna Freitas interviews college students from a couple of universities and colleges, ranging from religiously affiliated to those that are not, about their social media use. From the book, and class discussions, we learnt that most young people equate their worth to the number of likes they have on social media. We also saw that social media is mostly gendered - women/girls participate more on social media while men/boys are more into video games. 

The book also looks at cyberbullying (stating that bullying is in the ‘eye of the beholder’), hook ups (apparently do not happen as much via social media) and platforms that allow users to be anonymous (students prefer them because they give them a space to be authentic, they are do not risk their brand especially as they prepare to get into the job market, give them an element of control). In class we discussed how this sense of control is false and how social media creates anxiety as people live in an anticipatory mood.

Students who identified as religious in the book mentioned that their faith is buffer for what they post as well as where their identity comes from. In class we mentioned no wifi zones, teaching people mindfulness and how to think critically, and having phone baskets as potential ways of helping young people to reduce the amount of time they spend on social media (interestingly, during the intro week for the Sociology of Mental Health class, the professor made it clear that she runs a no laptops/electronic device in class ship - in hindsight, with all the discussions we did, it was worth it).

4The End of Burnout: Why Work Drains us and How to Build Better Lives by Jonathan Malesic
Normal student life - juggling lunch and reading
Jonathan Malesic was a university professor who left his job because of burnout. In the book he shares part of his journey as he explores what causes burnout and what work really means to us today - it is not just a source of income, it is our source of identity, purpose, social status. He also mentions that most people burn out due to exhaustion, cynicism, and sense of ineffectiveness. When looking at the nature of work from a historical lens, he mentions that there was a time, and still in some spaces today, where burnout seems fashionable (hello hustle culture)
Love that last line in the book
Solutions given at the end of the book, plus from our class discussions, include the need for a cultural shift about work and dignity/purpose, the need for flexible working conditions including remote work, flexible hours, four-day week, mental health days, universal basic income and automation/machinery - I love how he ends the book ‘let the machines burn out’

 

5. Children Under Fire: An American Crisis by John Woodrow Cox  

...in the library before I knew how heavy this book was going to be
John Woodrow Cox uses the stories of two children, Tyshaun from an inner city in D.C, whose dad was shot and killed, and Ava from South Carolina who lost a classmate through a school shooting. From their stories, we see the similarities of what they, and those left behind/survivors, go through and also see the differences in who receives what type of support and who doesn’t. 
...took this before we started our in class discussions
In class we discussed the need to move the conversations from gun violence and gun control to gun trauma and focus on the survivors and those left behind. We also talked about how underestimated gun violence is, as neighborhood violence and suicides rarely make the count. From the book we also see how social class affects which incidents are reported and which groups get support – and the type of support they get.
...just before we watched Newton, the film
We also watched a film on Newton which shows how individuals and the community tried to cope and move on after the school shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newton, Connecticut. 

6. And the Band Plays On: Politics, People and the AIDS Epidemic by Randy Shilts 

...just before our in class discussions
This 1987 book by San Francisco Chronicle’s journalist, Randy Shilts, gives a journal like account of the discovery and spread of the HIV/AIDs pandemic, putting into account global events/developments from the Congo, France and other Europeans countries as well as U.S, particularly in the gay communities in New York and the Bay Area. 
...as usual trying to eat as I read...and listen to lofi
We get to see how the U.S government, the media and the medical/scientific community was not keen to do much especially since most people thought that it was a ‘gay disease’ and therefore not worth studying or funding. In class, we did a comparison table between Long COVID and the HIV/AIDs pandemic and saw similarities in the fact that the world is moving on, those with the illness are basically ignored, the impact the illnesses have on family relationships and the loss of work.
This front flap gives a proper summary of the book
Summary continues on the back flap + Author's Profile
I enjoyed learning about mental health from a sociological lens as we looked at various public and historical issues. As mentioned at the beginning of the post, thinking sociologically calls for us to move away from just looking at the individual but consider the greater society that they are a part of. It calls for research/empirical data to help clarify if the issue is private/individual or a public one. It also involves looking at historical and contextual information - as well as existing public structures and gaps in the system.

I look forward to the Research Methods class through which I will learn how to do my own research. I am also taking another sociology class this semester - Feminist Theories - which I am excited about, especially after the amazing sessions from the APA 2023 Convention through which I learnt that psychology can be studied and practiced through many other lenses.

To everyone starting a new school year or semester, may your classes not just move closer to a graduation date, but continue to build you as a person and inform you as a contributor of this wonderful world we are all part of.

Update: Read my World Suicide Prevention Day opinion piece (Op-Ed) on gun suicide which accounts for more than 55% of the suicides in the U.S. - the piece borrows a lot from these books and lessons from this class.

 

Until the next post,

Sending love and light,

Sitawa

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